Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence
Neonate
Neonate -> Infant between 0 and 28 days/4 weeks learns feeding patterns aka newborn
Physical Development
- Gross Motor
- Fine Motor
Patterns of growth
- Cephalocaudal Pattern head to toe
- Proximodistal growth starts in the center and moves to extremities
After birth - lose 5-7% of body weight before they adjust to feeding
during the first month - growth is rapid; 5-6 ounces per week
during first year - 1 inch every month
growth slows after 1st year
Brain
at birth - 25% of adult brain weight by 2nd year - 75% of adult brain weight
Sleep
~ 18 hours a day 10-21 hours night waking half the sleep = REM
SIDS aka Crib Death
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
- ways to prevent -
- burp the baby
- make sure baby is sleeping on its back
- baby monitors
Nutrition
1 - 6 months - Breast milk is important 6 months - mashed food
Malnutrition
Marasmus -
Kwashiorkor -
Cry
Crying is the most important mechanism newborns have to communicate their needs
three types of cries :
-
Basic Crying rhythmic pattern usually consists of a cry, a briefer silence, shorter whistle (higher pitch than main cry), then a brief rest before the next cry. experts believe it might be due to hunger
-
Anger Cry like basic crying but excess air forced through vocal cords
-
Pain Cry sudden long, initial loud cry followed by breath holding
Most adults can determine whether an infantโs cries signify anger or pain (Zeskind, Klein, & Marshall, 1992). Parents can distinguish the cries of their own baby better than those of another baby